Who is a Narcissist?

A narcissist is typically someone with traits associated with narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), a mental health condition characterized by patterns of grandiosity, a constant need for admiration, and a lack of empathy. However, not everyone with narcissistic traits has NPD — it exists on a spectrum.

Common Traits of a Narcissist:

1. Exaggerated sense of self-importance
   They often overestimate their abilities, achievements, or status.
2. Sense of entitlement
   They believe they deserve special treatment and expect others to comply with their wishes.
3. Lack of empathy
   They struggle to understand or care about other people’s feelings or needs.
4. Need for admiration
   They constantly seek validation and praise, and can become angry or withdrawn if they don’t receive it.
5. Manipulative behavior
   They may use others for personal gain, often through guilt-tripping or gaslighting.
6. Arrogance or superiority
   They look down on others, believing themselves to be better or more important.

Types of Narcissism:

• Grandiose narcissism: Outwardly confident, dominating, attention-seeking, and aggressive.
• Vulnerable (or covert) narcissism: More sensitive, insecure, and passive-aggressive; may play the victim to gain sympathy.

Causes:

Narcissism can develop due to a mix of factors:

• Childhood experiences (either excessive pampering or severe criticism)
• Genetics
• Cultural influences
• Trauma or unmet emotional needs

Impact on Relationships:

Narcissists often create toxic dynamics in relationships. Their need for control, lack of empathy, and manipulative behaviors can lead to emotional abuse, codependency, and confusion in partners or family members.